Energy transition policies in the People’s Republic of China and the United States: technological and geopolitical change

Abstract

The world is currently undergoing a multidimensional energy transition driven by climate decarbonization policies and global transformations stemming from the emergence of a new technological revolution. Renewable energy sources and low-carbon clean technologies are at the forefront of this change. Through documentary analysis and the use of scientific and technological indicators, this article examines the energy transition policies adopted by the People's Republic of China and the United States, analyzing their political, economic, and geopolitical implications. The argument is made that energy transition strategies have become strategic pillars of industrial-technological policies in these nations, aiming to lead the current technological revolution.